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Bubonic plague: the first pandemic | Science Museum
An international vaccine for a pandemic disease. From Hong Kong the epidemic spread to the major Indian ports. When the plague broke out in Bombay in colonial India in 1893, in the Nowroji Hill district, a Goan doctor called Acacio Viegas was the …
The Microscope - Science Museum
Aug 19, 2019 — The EM2/1 electron microscope was made in Manchester in 1947. Science Museum Group Collection. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) The scanning electron microscope, or SEM, uses electrons rather than light for image formation. The sample is dehydrated and coated with a thin layer of a conductive material, such as gold.
The invention of mobile phones | Science Museum
In the 1970s, researchers at Bell Labs in the USA began to experiment with the concept of a cellular phone network. The idea was to cover the country with a network of hexagonal cells, each of which would contain a base station. These base stations would send and receive messages from mobile phones over radio frequencies.
How was penicillin developed? - Science Museum
Feb 23, 2021 — Florey, Chain and members of the Oxford penicillin team. After three years of trial and error, they developed a successful but painfully inefficient process that produced pure penicillin. The team finally had enough penicillin to start animal trials. In 1940, eight mice were infected with deadly streptococci bacteria.
Flushed away: Sewers through history | Science Museum
Feb 2, 2021 — Samuel Pepys, Diary entry (20 October 1660) The famous London diarist Samuel Pepys’ messy encounter with his neighbours’ turds reveals the unpleasant realities of sewage disposal. The ‘house of office’ was then a common name for a toilet, and the cellar was where Pepys shared a cesspit with his neighbour.
Ahoy! Alexander Graham Bell and the first telephone call
Oct 19, 2018 — On 7 March 1876, Bell was granted US patent 174465A, for a method of transmitting speech by telegraphy—the telephone. The decision has been disputed by scholars ever since, although a 2020 paper by Benjamin Lathrop Brown has argued that recently unearthed archival sources prove Bell’s priority. Whether this will finally settle a 150-year ...
Cholera in Victorian London - Science Museum
Science Museum Group Collection Image source for Edwin Chadwick. Edwin Chadwick, c.1860. The first appearance of cholera in 1831 was followed in 1837 and 1838 by epidemics of influenza and typhoid, prompting the government to ask the lawyer and leading social reformer Edwin Chadwick to carry out an enquiry into sanitation.
A Victorian Mental Asylum - Science Museum
Jun 13, 2018 — Replica of a restraint harness from the 1800s. The original was discovered in a chest in Hanwell Asylum in the 1930s. Science Museum Group Collection. William Norris, confined to his bed by a harness and chains at Bethlem Hospital. Sketched from life by G Arnald, 1814. Wellcome Collection, CC-BY.
The Iron Lung - Science Museum
Oct 14, 2018 — The solution came from a team at Harvard University. The 'iron lung', as it was nicknamed, was a huge metal box attached to bellows in which the patient was encased. The continuous suction from the bellows kept the patient breathing. It soon became a feature of the polio wards of the mid-1900s.
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