A cease-fire between Israel and Hezbollah brokered by the U.S. and France took effect in Lebanon early Wednesday, raising hopes of ending more than a year of cross-border strikes and a full-scale war that has killed thousands.

In 2006, the U.N. Security Council voted for a resolution to end a bruising monthlong conflict between Israel and Lebanon’s Hezbollah militant group, and pave the way for lasting security along the border.

A peacekeeping mission couldn’t stop the rearming of southern Lebanon that culminated in war.