Last year, researchers excitedly announced that they had found two organic compounds essential for living organisms in samples retrieved from an asteroid called Ryugu. The Japanese Space Agency's Hayabusa2 spacecraft obtained the samples from the space rock in 2019.

Asteroid Ryugu was altered by water and contains organic molecules older than the Sun. The building blocks of RNA and Vitamin B3 have been found in its samples, together with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as naphthalene, a molecule used in mothballs. Earthly bacteria don’t seem to care where the molecules originated from.

Samples taken from the space-returned piece of asteroid Ryugu were collected and prepared under strict anti-contamination controls. Inside the cleanest of clean rooms, a tiny particle was