Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and their signalling pathways ... The production of IL-6 and TNF-α is also induced by imiquimod 20. The dsRNA mimic IPH-3102 activates NF-κB signalling and type ...

Pit vipers also carry venom in twin glands behind their eyes, delivered through movable fangs that can be folded up against ...

able to target the receptor/G protein interface via an allosteric mechanism. Pepducin PZ-235 was selected as a full PAR2 antagonist since this compound was effective in the inhibition of liver ...

and TNF-α, and renal IL-1β (interleukin 1β) expression. Metformin administration decreased renal expression of necroptosis markers p-RIPK1 (phosphorylated receptor-interacting protein kinase 1) and ...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic gut inflammatory condition affecting the colon in humans. This study uses human samples as well as a mouse model of colitis induced by a chemical, DSS, to ...

A new framework bridges a gap in understanding RNA therapeutics by linking the structure of lipid nanoparticles to immune ...

Scientists from Duke, UCSF, and City of Hope used cryo-EM to reveal how our noses detect a wide range of odors, offering insights into olfaction.

The following is a summary of “Role of baseline soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 as a biomarker in primary podocytopathy: Implications for renal impairment and disease progression,” published ...

Schematic of TNF inhibitors and their mode of action. Receptor (i.e. etanercept, lenercept) and antibody based (i.e. infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab) anti-TNF biologics inhibit both solTNF and ...

Researchers in biology and medicine have long dreamed of controlling the activities of cells without, for example, having to ...

The effects of ET are mediated through interaction with two classes of cell surface receptors. The type A receptor (ET-A) has been associated with vasoconstriction and cell growth while the type B ...