The membrane that encases a biological cell is not simply a barrier; it is chock full of proteins involved in all sorts of critical biological functions. To really understand what membrane proteins ...

When a cell receives a message from outside, it generates a molecule called cyclic AMP (cAMP) to relay this message. To ...

cells are compartmentalized by membranes, and proteins present in these membranes play a very important role in transporting various cellular information. For proper function of these proteins to ...

Scientists have revealed two enzymes that regulate protein degradation of proteins in the cell membrane of plants, and established the roles they play in plant growth and development. Ubiquitin is a ...

Microtubules perform an active role in communication within the cell by transmitting received signals to the cell's ...

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed on the surface of cells and regulate a range of important functions. Because they are involved in so many sensory and physiological processes, ...

Membrane proteins are crucial for numerous biological processes and serve as important drug targets. For decades, scientists have relied on detergents to extract membrane proteins from cell membranes ...

The immune system is a robust and essential system that distinguishes self from non-self, recognizes and eliminates pathogenic signals, and maintains homeostasis. A robust and healthy immune response ...

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are vital components expressed by plants to withstand various abiotic stresses, ...