During sterile injury or infection, the innate immune system produces cytokines as part of the innate immune response. Molecules such as the cytokines tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 as well ...
Reflexes are automatic and involuntary actions the body produces in response to certain stimuli. While some reflexes can involve muscles and movement, others involve internal processes within the body ...
Pulling your hand away from a hot object, blinking because it's very bright or kicking when someone taps the tendon below your kneecap - these are all innate reflex actions. They happen rapidly, you ...
WITHIN the past decade, the use of electronic methods has laid bare much of the mechanism underlying the myotatic, or stretch, reflex of mammalian striated muscle. Outstanding among these advances are ...
Vincent Ho does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their ...
Does watching someone else relieve a nagging itch spark the same impulse in you? A study in mice suggests contagious itching may have evolved as a reflex to protect animals from threats. Now, Chen and ...
Pulling your hand away from a hot object, blinking because it's very bright or kicking when someone taps the tendon below your kneecap - these are all innate reflex actions. They happen rapidly, you ...
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