The input argument fun refers to an IML module that specifies a function that returns f, a vector of length m for least-squares subroutines or a scalar for other optimization subroutines. The returned ...

Revise differentiation of algebraic and trigonometric expressions, which can be used for calculating rates of change, stationary points and their nature, or the gradient and equation of a tangent to a ...

Given a vector space V of homogeneous polynomials of the same degree over an infinite field, consider a generic subspace W of V. The main result of this paper is a lower-bound (in general sharp) for ...

Adjoint algorithmic differentiation is an efficient way to obtain financial instrument price derivatives with respect to the data inputs. Often the differentiation does not cover the full pricing ...

International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 156, No. 6 (Nov., 1995), pp. 747-755 (9 pages) Chara corallina is a freshwater alga with a complex morphology having rhizoids and shoots. Shoots are ...